FERTILITY CONDITIONS
What Is Endometriosis?
A comprehensive guide to understanding endometriosis, its symptoms, stages, and how it impacts fertility.
Understanding Endometriosis
Endometriosis occurs when tissue similar to the endometrium (the lining of the uterus) grows outside the uterine cavity. This misplaced tissue responds to hormonal changes during the menstrual cycle, leading to inflammation, pain, and the formation of scar tissue.
Stages of Endometriosis
- Stage I (Minimal): Small patches and superficial implants on or around pelvic organs
- Stage II (Mild): More implants that are deeper than Stage I
- Stage III (Moderate): Many deep implants, small cysts on one or both ovaries, and some adhesions
- Stage IV (Severe): Many deep implants, large cysts on one or both ovaries, and many dense adhesions
Common Symptoms
- Painful menstrual cramps that may worsen over time
- Chronic pelvic pain
- Pain during or after sexual intercourse
- Painful bowel movements or urination during menstruation
- Heavy menstrual periods or bleeding between periods
- Difficulty getting pregnant
- Fatigue, bloating, and nausea
Diagnosis Methods
- Pelvic Exam: Physical examination to feel for cysts or scars
- Ultrasound: Imaging to identify ovarian endometriomas
- MRI: Detailed imaging for surgical planning
- Laparoscopy: Minimally invasive surgery for definitive diagnosis and treatment
Impact on Fertility
Endometriosis can affect fertility through multiple mechanisms including fallopian tube blockage, impaired egg quality, disrupted implantation, and altered pelvic environment. At AFCT, we develop individualized treatment plans that address both the endometriosis and your fertility goals.
Take the Next Step
Schedule a consultation with our fertility specialists to discuss your personalized treatment plan.